EL PAPEL BIOLÓGICO DEL SILICIO EN CULTIVOS AGRÍCOLAS: SU CONTRIBUCIÓN AL CONTROL DE PLAGAS Y ENFERMEDADES
Silicio: Defensa Biológica Agrícola
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.60158/rma.v11i1.421Palabras clave:
ciclo biogeoquímico, defensa natural, fitolitos, hormesis, resistencia vegetalResumen
El silicio (Si), un oligoelemento muy disponible, se distingue por su capacidad de ser fácilmente absorbido, una elevada solubilidad y una especificidad en las plantas. Este aspecto resulta esencial, dado que siete de los diez cultivos más importantes a nivel mundial son reconocidos por su acumulación de Si y su respuesta positiva a su aplicación. Sin embargo, el avance y desarrollo de los cultivos agrícolas se ven restringidos por factores de estrés, ya sean bióticos o abióticos. El objetivo del presente análisis de información consistió en examinar la capacidad del silicio para activar las barreras físicas y bioquímicas en las plantas, proporcionando mecanismos eficaces de resistencia ante plagas y enfermedades. La incorporación de silicio en prácticas agrícolas posee un potencial significativo para contribuir a la seguridad alimentaria, al facilitar el desarrollo de cultivos optimizados en términos de producción. En consecuencia, se considera el uso estratégico del silicio como una fuente sostenible y beneficiosa en la producción agrícola, ofreciendo perspectivas prometedoras para mejorar la eficiencia y resiliencia de los sistemas agrícolas.
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